How does the veranda to the house run with their own hands? Councils, types of implementation, process of work.

March 4, 2018 handmadebase

Those who love to furnish their homes are always looking for newand interesting tasks to improve your own home. If you have a country house or a summer cottage, you want to make sure that your guests admire this fruit of your work, and your efforts are rewarded with their emotions. Therefore, craftsmen always try to make their home as attractive as possible. First of all, before entering a country house or a summer cottage, many pay attention to external details. Such a detail can be the veranda of the house. Therefore, it is worth paying attention to its construction and processing this element as correctly as possible.First of all, you should ask yourself the question,Is there a need for a veranda and will such a construction make sense? For those who just want to make another space for spending time, like a terrace or a gazebo, simple options can do. A terrace is not only an element of beauty, but also a good scheme for insulating a house. Thermal insulation increases, which in turn allows you to make something like a "vestibule" in front of the house. This significantly reduces the penetration of cold air into the walls of the house and, accordingly, insulates your living space. Of course, this is also a place to relax, where on a warm summer evening or cold winter days you can spend time outdoors. So, let's try to figure out how a veranda is made and what we need for this.

Element of decor

The veranda is one of the main partsbuildings. Therefore, first of all, it is worth paying special attention to the appearance of the veranda. Particular attention should be paid to the color scheme and materials that will be used for the work, so that the veranda does not look too contrasting against the background of your home.

Work Style

Of course, the veranda allows for combinationsmaterials, if a finishing element is used. For example, your house is made of brick. It is necessary to preserve the appearance of the same roofing, but the veranda can be made of different blocks, using an element of external finishing with decorative plaster. It can also be used to finish the main building, that is, the house. A wooden veranda is definitely suitable for a wooden house.

Planning an object

So, to build a veranda, first of alla project will be needed. The veranda is built in such a way that it is an intermediate room between the entrance door. Therefore, you cannot add a veranda where there is no door. If this room is torn off from the main part of the house, access to it will only be through open space. The size of the veranda is selected in accordance with the wishes of the residents. If your family is large, and you want to all stay together for a celebration or for a joint rest, you should consider spacious veranda options. For a family of 5 people, a veranda of 3 by 4 meters will be enough. Also, you need to consider the area of your territory, as well as the view from the street. Too large a veranda for a small house will look, at least, disproportionate.

Layout of the area for the veranda

After we decided on the sizesveranda and its style, it is necessary to make a site preparation. In this case, we need to remove fertile soil from the area where the veranda will be adjacent. In most cases, this is about fifteen centimeters. Then, the site is leveled and after that, we proceed to the element of breakdown. Using our project, we mark the border for the future location of the veranda. After, using iron pins or wooden pegs, we place them at the necessary points and stretch the element of twine.

Preparing the foundation

For the foundation of our veranda we will consider twothe most popular solutions in Russia. This is either a strip foundation or a columnar foundation. At the same time, it is not recommended to make a monolith of these areas, so as not to connect them together. All this is due to the fact that the size and weight of the veranda will differ from the building and, accordingly, they will have a different shrinkage parameter. Moreover, so that heavy building elements do not pull the veranda building along with them, it is necessary to make a separate type of foundation for the veranda. A gap of 4 centimeters is enough to prevent anything terrible from happening. Also note that it is necessary to take into account the capabilities of your soil and the features of the place where you are. Pay special attention to the weight of the building in accordance with these parameters. If the work is not done correctly, the foundation will "walk" and, accordingly, the veranda will move away from the walls of your house. This will also help get rid of various shrinkages.

If you use a strip foundation

Suitable for large verandah types (Bricks, blocks covered with heavy type roofing)
Suitable for building blocks of concrete

Strip foundation is perfect for“heavy verandas”. To do this, it is necessary to dig a trench in accordance with the dimensions of the foundation of the house, then we use the formwork element in height, and then, equal to the height of the future element of our foundation. This can be done using boards that are built like a shield. Then, concrete is prepared in the form of proportions:

1 part for cement composition
3 parts for sand composition
6 pieces for rubble

Next, we pour the first layer of our concrete underbottom and strengthen it with stones. It is necessary to obtain a value in the form of 10 centimeters. Next, we pour the next portion of the concrete layer and also add stones. Under the top layer, we do not use stones, but level the surface with a trowel, which is left until the material hardens in the form of 3 or 4 days. If it is hot outside, then several times a day the foundation is poured so that there are no reasons for cracking your foundation.

If you use a columnar foundation

Suitable for houses with frame or wood base
It is necessary to dig holes below the depth where the soil freezes
As a light veranda, there are enough posts in the corners
For a large veranda make intermediate poles in the form of 50-60 centimeters of step

The columnar foundation is made of concreteblocks, or blocks of stone and red brick. To do this, you need to dig holes, then pour a 20-centimeter layer of sand on the bottom of each hole. Then pour concrete to the level of the ground surface and wait until it hardens. After that, you need to coat the pillars with bitumen and fill the cracks between these elements with sand. The column of the above-ground part is formed from block or brickwork. It must be brought to the size of the main foundation (height) or slightly below this height. For the flooring of the veranda, a perimeter of 30 centimeters should remain.

We perform the rough floor.

To do this we need to fill in the required informationthe amount of space under the floor using expanded clay, which is necessary as an insulating element. Then, using the foundation, we cover it with a double layer of roofing felt (suitable for those foundations that were mentioned earlier). Then, we use the fastening of the foundation logs, using an antiseptic. After, we use the flooring element using edged boards in a thickness of up to 5 centimeters. The logs must be impregnated with an antiseptic composition. Also, you can make a concrete type of floor, but in this case, it is necessary to carry out work on additional thermal insulation, since the base will attract the cold of the ground cover. Thus, the floor will always be very cold.

Frame for wooden verandah type

Next, we will consider a separate optionbuilding a veranda from a wooden element. For this we will need a frame, which will be made of beams. The size of the beam will be 10 by 10 centimeters. First, we will need to put these beams on the subfloor to make the lower trim. Then, connect them at the corner under the "straight lock" and cut special groove elements in the beams every 50 centimeters in order to put the vertical posts. After you have put them, they must be fixed using nails or staples. Then, using the top of the posts, a beam is attached, which is used for the upper trim. After this, the roof slope for the future house is nailed using a purlin. The rafters will be located on this element. They are taken with the help of anchor bolts (And also those buildings that are adjacent to our building) After, we install the rafter system, and treat the wood with an antiseptic composition. The beams for the strapping are laid with the help of the foundation, where the waterproofing element of the roofing felt is located.

Working on the roof.

So, the most common option is considered to be the rooftype of single-pitched. In this case, they look more sloping than the roof on the house. To create a roofing pie, it is necessary to make the same scheme on the veranda that is done for installing a roof in a regular house. This means that solid or intermittent sheathing must be stuffed onto the rafters, using the proportions of the roofing type. There is no reason to install a vapor barrier element in the veranda, since the roof space will not be used by you. If insulation of wall elements or the floor part is used, then vapor barrier is not recommended. In order for the steam to come out, it is enough to make a special layer of superdiffusion membrane. This element will not allow moisture to enter from the outside, but the steam will pass easily. However, this element is not suitable for steel or metal coating, due to the rusting process.

Installing walls and windows

Once you have prepared the subfloors andprepared the frame, you can start the sheathing process. To do this, you also need to leave openings for windows and doors. For such an operation, it is necessary to leave special window sills in the places of future location of these elements. They should have their purpose at least half a meter from the floor distance. After, we fix the board according to the parameter of the vertical post. After, we sheathe the frame, which will help to retain heat on the veranda and at the same time, match the appearance of the main building. Inside, such an element can be ordinary plywood, but in the inner part - be a carriage. At the same time, for the outer part, wood or siding can be used as a decorative item. At the same time, it is necessary to lay a waterproofing film between them, or insulation, at least on both sides for this reinforcement. This is necessary so that moisture and steam waste do not penetrate into the terrace. Window openings also need to be inserted. And then, adapt the windows and doors. Also, the door should not be placed directly opposite the door to the house to avoid various drafts. Therefore, it is better to place the veranda door at the end, or where cold air will not find access to the house. In general, this is where the work on improving the appearance of the house, creating another "summer room" is finished!