Embroidery fabric: types and properties (photo)

March 19, 2017 handmadebase

Content

What is embroidery fabric?
Variety of tissues
Count on the canvas
Tips on embroidery on fabric
Video: overview of used fabrics for embroidery

Embroidery on fabric is one of the most common handicrafts. You can cross stitch on any fabric. The only condition is that it must have even longitudinal and transverse threads.
, that's what the embroidery fabric is calledcross. It is sold in specialized craft stores. Today you can purchase an innovative material - water-soluble interlining for cross stitch. In addition, options such as stramine, linen or plastic are offered.
The right fabric is chosen for
,will make your work irresistible and unique. You can experiment with it, giving different visual effects.

What is embroidery fabric?

Embroidery fabric can have a variety ofspecies, in their texture and composition. The choice of fabric itself is as important a moment as the choice of needles or threads. The canvas is represented as a canvas with cells. The larger these cells are, the larger the thread embroidery on the fabric will be. You can use thin threads for fabric under large ones, then you will get a kind of openwork fabric.
Today's market offers a large numberfabrics for embroidery, but the most common is Aida (Zweigart). There are many different variations of fabrics for embroidery of this brand on sale. All fabrics have their own name, so it is very easy to choose the fabric for cross stitch in each specific case. You can also use ordinary fabric. Then a special canvas is placed on it and after embroidery, it is removed. It is also possible to use non-woven fabric for needlework. This material has a tremendous advantage over conventional overlay canvas; it is water-soluble. Upon contact with water, it dissolves and painstaking work to remove the canvas threads is not required.

Variety of tissues

Types of fabric base for embroidery are variedaccording to its characteristics. To begin with, embroidery fabric is divided into regular canvas and canvas with a clear weave of threads - canvas. Densely copes well with the role of a smooth background. However, when cross stitching you need to apply more concentration than when working on ordinary fabric (canvas) with already completed cells.
All fabric for cross stitch is called linen and is divided into:

Cotton;
Linen.

Canvas for cross-stitching can be both from ordinary flax, and from plastic. For the canvas, stramine is used, as well as water-soluble fleece.
Next, we will consider all these types of canvas.
Canva Hardanger
Hardanger canvas contains onlycotton. The interlacing of threads is two by two. The threads are not secured to each other. This determines the absence of clearer squares relative to the outline of Hades. Perfect for embroidering various pictures and other things. The fabric for cross stitch that is being considered is intended for depicting small crosses. The result is embroidery that looks like a drawing. Since the details are made with threads quite small, the image can be thought out in the smallest detail. The embroidery process is performed with a cross in one thread or two, but in a half-cross. The needles used are size 26 or 28. Embroidery on such a basis can make it difficult to attach threads, with a large number of different colors. Cross stitching on such a canvas will give excellent results. However, not every craftswoman will risk working with such a base. To calculate the required size of fabric, you need the length of the image in crosses / 22 * 2.5 = the size of one side, then you can start measuring the second side.
Base of linen (cotton) Embroidery on fabric fromFlax is excellent for embroidering those images where a large amount of fabric remains intact during operation. As well as in the canvas of Hades, cotton and linen bases are produced under different sizes.
Overlay canvas
In principle, you can embroider with threads on a regularfabric, simply laying an ordinary canvas on top. The latter allows you to cross-stitch and then carefully remove it. This is done gradually and consistently. After embroidering, each thread is pulled out individually. This type of canvas is called overhead. To be more precise, its area of application is fabrics with an uneven structure. This material feels rougher to the touch. It makes embroidery on fabric easier. Typically, overlay canvas is used for cross-stitching on knitted clothing.
Plastic canvas Types of canvas are varied andUnusual, so another option is a plastic canvas. It is designed to create voluminous embroideries. It can be divided into a classic base and vinyl. The second version of the plastic canvas for embroidery is more flexible than the first. These bases can be purchased in different colors and different cell sizes.
Stramin
The next type has a name - stramine.The canvas with this name is intended for thread embroidery of images on rugs, pillows and bags using a counted cross. Stramin is also used for tapestries. If we turn to the characteristics, then stramine is a dense material that has uniform, strong fibers. Stramin for embroidery is produced mainly in Germany. Among other things, Stramin is used for embroidering New Year's toys, various cases or boxes. A special very hard stramin is intended for these purposes. Wool floss is used for it.
Perforated paper
It is not very common in our country.Today, such a base for cross stitch is available in sizes of 14 squares to 1 inch. Cross stitch is best done with two threads. It is worth remembering that just like any paper, perforated paper can easily tear. Colorful ones like
on fabric. It is preferable not to use many different colors and try to use a soft thread. It would be good if silk was added to it.
The basis of silk fabric On such materialEmbroidered for small items, such as brooches or pendants. The embroidery is rather shallow. As with the previous version, the scheme for the cross should be taken with a small number of colors.
Nonwoven
Innovative material that appeared onmarket relatively recently. Non-woven embroidery is a great way to learn cross stitch. The base has this name because a special water-soluble interlining is used for the fabric. In general, non-woven material is a non-woven material (paper-like). Since it is similar to the composition of paper, non-woven fabric has its advantage: it is water-soluble. For working with cross stitch, water-soluble material is suitable because there is no need to pull out the threads after completing the image. This is a great find for needlewomen. To remove the threads, you need to place the product in medium-warm water for 10 minutes. After which the water-soluble interlining will disappear on its own. Like all bases, water-soluble material has some disadvantages. Namely the dimensions of the canvas. It has dimensions of 14 crosses per 1 inch. Or you can purchase non-woven fabric in a package (20cm by 22cm). Before buying a water-soluble material, you need to make sure that the selected threads can be heated above 30 degrees. Despite the shortcomings, non-woven fabric for cross-stitching is very convenient.
Canvas with the existing pattern. No less convenient method of embroidery, work with a canvas that has a drawing. It remains only to select the correct color for the threads.
Aida canvas And finally, the most common basis for embroidery is Aida canvas. Size 18 is generally preferred.
It is preferable to choose two threads. On this basis you can get dotted cross stitch and it looks great.

Count on the canvas

When the image to beembroider, whether it will be openwork fabric or dot embroidery, as well as all the necessary materials, then you can begin to calculate the required amount of base for cross stitch. This will require some knowledge:

You need to know the size of the future picture. The size is determined by the number of crosses to be embroidered in length and width;
Do the calculation according to the following formula. If 55 crosses are 10 cm, 100 crosses are X cm. Then X will be 100 * 10/55 and equal to 18.2 cm;
Then you need to provide for the presence of embroidery fields from all sides.

You can follow a certain rule, according to whichThe width should not be less than 5 cm on each side. This is to ensure that in the future embroidery on the fabric perfectly entered the frame. Once the calculation of the required material is made, it is necessary to cut along the cells. Then take a light thread and make a slanting mark on all edges. Now it remains only to come up with a name for the future picture.

Tips on embroidery on fabric

when it turns out that the distance between fragments of the same color is less than 1 cm, then it is possible to stretch the thread from the wrong side from one part to another;
Bad weather (heat or high humidity)Can create trouble for the embroidery associated with the paint tape. With a long time on the fabric, it can leave unremovable tracks. The replacement will serve as an artistic tape;
If you want to create a single stitch, it must be done first;
You can embroider a cross in any order;
It is not necessary to make any knots when embroidering a cross on a fabric. It is necessary to wind the thread behind the stitches on the reverse side;
Do not need to stretch the stitches, otherwise the fabric will beTo shiver. If, on the contrary, do a weak tension, you will get the impression of an inaccurate embroidery. The picture becomes voluminous. It is necessary to monitor the smoothness of the thread tension;
Do not forget about the inclination of stitches. On the fabric, they should be directed up and to the right. The quality of the embroidery will not suffer, it's just the most common type of tilt.